The Universality of Roles and Responsibilities Essay

The Universality of Roles and Responsibilities - Essay Example The study will also seek support from the views contradictory to the ones presented by Clark in order to make a comparative examination of the entire scenario under consideration in order to draw out convincing conclusion subsequently. Since the contemporary era has introduced the new division of labor in the wake of the growing responsibilities in almost all cultures of the globe, the critics and analysts also look into various matters by assigning extra obligations to both the genders in order to tackle with the challenges modern life offers to man. Stephen Clark, in the light of the anthropological studies, elucidates the concepts of various types of family setups, including patriarchic, matriarchic, neo-local, polygamous, polyandrous and monogamous etc (35-36), which seeks their roots in different traditional and conventional cultures of the world at large. Consequently, some cultural traits submit to male dominance in political, social, economic and domestic affairs, while the s ame supremacy is attributed to females in some societies of ancient, medieval and modern eras at large. Hence, the division of labor has always been established divergently in various zones and regions of the world (36). Though in some primitive societies, women appear to be responsible for the fulfillment of the economic needs of the entire family, while males were supposed to nourish and look after the young ones (Ember & Ember 2011); nevertheless, an overwhelming majority of human cultures assigned political, economic and social obligations to their male stratum, while females were responsible for all domestic chores including cleansing of house, washing and child rearing etc (Schlafly 2003). As a result, history is replete with the far active and dynamic participation of males in state affairs on the one hand, and their exclusive involvement in the activities related to hunting and gathering, and trade and commerce in general (Bartky 2003). Similarly, Midgley & Hughes (2003) all ude to the nature-nurture debate while elaborating the differences in gender roles, where they regard male-female differences as an outcome of a genetic constitution on the one hand, and due to the socialization process of the individuals on the other (222). Bartky (2003) analyzes the male-female division of labor in the light of Marxist perspective, where male play the role of producer/owner, while females serve as workers and laborers i.e. proletariat, who pay time and services to the products i.e. children and home, which actually belong to men (223-24). Hence, they undergo exploitation by receiving just eye-wash against their contributions for home, but the lion’s share goes to the producer i.e. males, who offer the least share of the profit to the proletariat, leaving them at the state of uncertainty and disappointment subsequently (226). On the one side, Bartky condemns unequal distribution of status between the genders; and on the other side, Okin (2003) declares the i nstitution of marriage as the source of complete exploitation of women both inside and outside the home as wives and professionals respectively (238-39). Hence, she presents a scenario that presents an entire feminist perspective in it, where the women appear to be the target of humiliation, hatred, domestic violence etc.  

Critical Evaluation of Current Integrated Marketing Communications Essay - 2

Critical Evaluation of Current Integrated Marketing Communications Practice - Essay Example d sales promotions as well as the people with intention to have a major positive effect on the people decision and perception when they are combined together. IMC is also referred to as â€Å"a strategic marketing process specifically designed to ensure that all messaging and communication strategies are unified across all channels and are centered on the customer† (JIMC, 2011). It is done in a way that allows one medium’s weakness to be offset by the strength of another medium it is used together with. This process according to the journal of integrated marketing process emphasizes that customer prospects should be identified and assessed so that messages are tailored towards such customers in a way that is profitable and can allow for evaluation of its success to minimize waste. This, they propose can be done in five steps beginning with customer identification from behavioral data, evaluation of customer prospects, creating and delivering messages and incentives, estimating returns on customer investment and finally to budgeting, allocation, evaluation and recycling. The process is cyclic. This paper is going to look into how Ford motor vehicle manufacturer has been if true been using IMC to do its marketing while reflecting on the impact of this marketing tool to the overall strategic goals of the company. It is also going to look into the company’s success story from the use of this marketing strategy. Ford’s business strategy is based on its plan which was adopted in 2007 and has guided the company since then (Ford, 2014). It is indeed true that Ford motor company is adopting the use of integrated marketing communication as a strategy of winning more customers and increasing their market presence and revenue in overall. According to the definitions of the integrated marketing and communications discussed above, it is possible for a company to succeed in it by creating their strategy from the basis of their business while centering on the customer